# Competences — copy editor

Source: ESCO v1.2.1 occupation-skill relations (http://data.europa.eu/esco/occupation/8bd74371-1818-47d5-a253-d703c51c5f26).

## Essential

- **apply grammar and spelling rules** (skill/competence)
- **consult with editor** (skill/competence)
- **copyright legislation** (knowledge)
- **digital journalism** (knowledge)
- **follow a brief** (skill/competence)
- **follow work schedule** (skill/competence)
- **grammar** (knowledge)
- **spelling** (knowledge)
- **suggest revision of manuscripts** (skill/competence)
- **track changes in text editing** (skill/competence)
- **typography** (knowledge)
- **use dictionaries** (skill/competence)
- **writing techniques** (knowledge)

## Optional

- adapt to artists' creative demands (skill/competence)
- apply desktop publishing techniques (skill/competence)
- consult information sources (skill/competence)
- desktop publishing (knowledge)
- editorial standards (knowledge)
- follow ethical code of conduct of journalists (skill/competence)
- follow newspaper house style (skill/competence)
- literature (knowledge)
- office software (knowledge)
- proofread text (skill/competence)
- read manuscripts (skill/competence)
- review unpublished articles (skill/competence)
- rewrite articles (skill/competence)
- rewrite manuscripts (skill/competence)
- write headlines (skill/competence)

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## Market evidence (job-ad analysis, 40 ads, as of 2026-07-10)

Share of analyzed job ads mentioning the item (threshold ≥ 20 %). Source: JSearch/Adzuna APIs.

### Hard skills

- copy editing — **55 %**
- proofreading — **42 %**
- copyediting — **22 %**

<!-- market-evidence -->