software-manager/references/skills.md

# Competences — software manager

Source: ESCO v1.2.1 occupation-skill relations (http://data.europa.eu/esco/occupation/f31f487b-4ce2-40f3-90e8-7d0011b4ef1d).

## Essential

- **analyse software specifications** (skill/competence)
- **apply ICT system usage policies** (skill/competence)
- **apply system organisational policies** (skill/competence)
- **create software design** (skill/competence)
- **data storage** (knowledge)
- **define technology strategy** (skill/competence)
- **digital systems** (knowledge)
- **ensure adherence to organisational ICT standards** (skill/competence)
- **evaluate cost of software products** (skill/competence)
- **execute analytical mathematical calculations** (skill/competence)
- **ICT project management** (knowledge)
- **ICT project management methodologies** (knowledge)
- **manage business knowledge** (skill/competence)
- **manage data** (skill/competence)
- **manage ICT project** (skill/competence)
- **monitor technology trends** (skill/competence)
- **organisational policies** (knowledge)
- **quality assurance methodologies** (knowledge)
- **software metrics** (knowledge)
- **systems development life-cycle** (knowledge)
- **unified modelling language** (knowledge)
- **use an application-specific interface** (skill/competence)
- **use ICT ticketing system** (skill/competence)

## Optional

- Agile project management (knowledge)
- analyse ICT technical proposals (skill/competence)
- Android (mobile operating systems) (knowledge)
- apply conflict management (skill/competence)
- BlackBerry (knowledge)
- coach employees (skill/competence)
- give live presentation (skill/competence)
- ICT system user requirements (knowledge)
- identify ICT user needs (skill/competence)
- interact with users to gather requirements (skill/competence)
- iOS (knowledge)
- lean project management (knowledge)
- manage schedule of tasks (skill/competence)
- manage software localisation (skill/competence)
- manage staff (skill/competence)
- manage tender processes (skill/competence)
- mobile operating systems (knowledge)
- monitor ICT research (skill/competence)
- negotiate buying conditions (skill/competence)
- Process-based management (knowledge)
- provide user documentation (skill/competence)
- trading software (knowledge)
- train employees (skill/competence)
- use different communication channels (skill/competence)
- use methodologies for user-centered design (skill/competence)

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## Market evidence (job-ad analysis, 7 ads, as of 2026-07-19)

Share of analyzed job ads mentioning the item (threshold ≥ 20 %). Source: JSearch/Adzuna APIs.

### Hard skills

- software development — **71 %**
- team leadership — **43 %**
- software architecture — **29 %**
- software design — **14 %**
- scalable design — **14 %**
- rest api design — **14 %**
- root cause analysis — **14 %**
- software engineering — **14 %**
- software requirements analysis — **14 %**
- solutions architecture — **14 %**
- sql server performance tuning — **14 %**
- system design — **14 %**
- system integration — **14 %**
- technical documentation — **14 %**
- technical engineering — **14 %**
- technical leadership — **14 %**
- network programming — **14 %**
- network security — **14 %**
- observability — **14 %**
- prioritization — **14 %**
- problem solving — **14 %**
- problem-solving — **14 %**
- operating system hardening — **14 %**
- relational database technologies — **14 %**
- agile methodologies — **14 %**
- agile development — **14 %**
- ai engineering — **14 %**
- architecture design — **14 %**
- algorithms — **14 %**
- analytical skills — **14 %**
- application roadmap development — **14 %**
- backend service implementation — **14 %**
- backend systems development — **14 %**
- big data platforms development — **14 %**
- cloud native architectures — **14 %**
- cloud security — **14 %**
- containerization — **14 %**
- customer engagement — **14 %**
- cyber security processes — **14 %**
- cyber threat management — **14 %**
- data architecture — **14 %**
- data mining — **14 %**
- data science — **14 %**
- data structures — **14 %**
- db design — **14 %**
- distributed systems — **14 %**
- incident management — **14 %**
- incident resolution — **14 %**
- incident response — **14 %**
- information retrieval — **14 %**

### Methods

- DevOps — **29 %**
- sdlc — **29 %**
- retrospectives — **14 %**
- sprint planning — **14 %**
- software engineering methodology — **14 %**
- software lifecycle management — **14 %**
- standups — **14 %**
- Kubernetes — **14 %**
- on-call rotation — **14 %**
- design reviews — **14 %**
- data-driven decision-making — **14 %**
- continuous delivery — **14 %**
- continuous integration/continuous delivery (ci/cd) — **14 %**
- CI/CD — **14 %**
- CI/CD pipelines — **14 %**
- cloud design principles — **14 %**
- automated testing — **14 %**
- agile development — **14 %**
- agile methodologies — **14 %**
- agile methodology — **14 %**
- Agile SDLC — **14 %**
- Agile software development — **14 %**
- agile/scrum — **14 %**
- vulnerability assessment — **14 %**

### Responsibilities

- team leadership — **57 %**
- code review — **43 %**
- application development — **29 %**
- software design — **29 %**
- team management — **29 %**
- team mentoring — **14 %**
- technical direction provision — **14 %**
- training — **14 %**
- verification and validation — **14 %**
- software application review — **14 %**
- roadmap execution — **14 %**
- staff recruitment — **14 %**
- stakeholder management — **14 %**
- system integration — **14 %**
- system stability management — **14 %**
- talent development — **14 %**
- task coordination — **14 %**
- technical leadership — **14 %**
- technical mentorship — **14 %**
- technical planning — **14 %**
- technical support — **14 %**
- knowledge base development — **14 %**
- okr definition — **14 %**
- live site support — **14 %**
- resource allocation — **14 %**
- resource coordination — **14 %**
- performance assessment — **14 %**
- personnel management — **14 %**
- playbook creation — **14 %**
- product requirement identification — **14 %**
- production support — **14 %**
- proposal support — **14 %**
- quality assurance — **14 %**
- career counseling — **14 %**
- barrier removal — **14 %**
- application support — **14 %**
- ai integration — **14 %**
- architecture development — **14 %**
- architecture review — **14 %**
- culture cultivation — **14 %**
- cyber threat mitigation — **14 %**
- delivery execution — **14 %**
- employee training — **14 %**
- engagement oversight — **14 %**
- innovation propulsion — **14 %**
- issue resolution — **14 %**

<!-- market-evidence -->